It’s not uncommon for dogs to chew their nails, and in some cases, it’s a natural part of their grooming routine. Just like humans trim their nails, dogs may use their teeth to keep their nails from becoming too long. Some dogs do this occasionally and stop once their nails feel comfortable. However, if a dog frequently chews their nails, it could be a sign of an underlying issue.

Excessive nail chewing can stem from several factors, including anxiety, allergies, infections, or even simple boredom. Pet owners should watch how often their dog shows this behavior. They should also look for other signs, like limping, licking their paws too much, or visible irritation.

Understanding the reasons behind nail chewing is crucial for ensuring a dog’s well-being. In some cases, simple adjustments to grooming habits can resolve the issue, but in others, veterinary attention may be needed.

What Is Nail Chewing?

Nail chewing in dogs refers to the act of biting, gnawing, or pulling at their nails using their teeth. While some dogs do this occasionally as part of self-grooming, excessive nail chewing can be a sign of discomfort or distress. Unlike a quick nibble to remove a rough edge, repeated chewing may indicate an issue that requires attention.

This behavior can vary from dog to dog. Some may lightly nibble their nails without causing any harm, while others may chew so aggressively that they break or damage the nail. In severe cases, dogs can even pull their nails out, leading to pain, bleeding, and infection.

If a dog often chews their nails, pet owners should check their paws. Look for redness, swelling, or any signs of injury. Recognizing whether the behavior is normal or excessive is the first step in determining if intervention is needed.

Common Reasons Dogs Chew Their Nails

There are several reasons why a dog may chew its nails. Some causes are completely harmless, while others may require medical attention or behavioral intervention. Here are the most common reasons behind this behavior:

Natural Grooming

Just like humans trim their nails, dogs may chew their nails to keep them from becoming too long or uncomfortable. This is especially common in dogs that don’t get enough physical activity on hard surfaces, like concrete or pavement, which naturally wear down their nails. If a dog’s nails grow too long, they may chew them to reduce discomfort.

Anxiety and Stress

Dogs can develop nervous habits just like humans. A stressed or anxious dog may resort to repetitive behaviors like licking, scratching, or chewing their nails. Common dog anxiety symptoms include excessive panting, restlessness, whining, pacing, or destructive behavior. If nail chewing happens during stressful times, it may be related to anxiety. This can occur when someone is left alone, hears loud noises, or faces new places.

Allergies and Skin Irritation

Allergies are a common cause of nail chewing. Dogs can be allergic to food ingredients, pollen, dust, mold, or household chemicals. If a dog’s paws become itchy due to an allergic reaction, they may chew their nails to relieve the discomfort. Other signs of allergies include frequent licking of the paws, red or inflamed skin, and ear infections.

Nail or Paw Infections

Bacterial or fungal infections in a dog’s nails or paws can cause irritation, leading to excessive licking or chewing. If an infection is present, owners may notice swelling, redness, a foul odor, or discharge around the nails. Infections should be treated by a veterinarian to prevent further complications.

Overgrown or Ingrown Nails

When a dog’s nails become too long, they can grow into the paw pad or curve in a way that makes walking uncomfortable. Ingrown nails are painful and can lead to infections if not treated. Regular nail trimming is essential to prevent this issue.

Parasites (Fleas, Ticks, or Mites)

External parasites like fleas, ticks, and mites can cause intense itching and irritation, leading a dog to chew its nails and paws. If a dog is excessively scratching, biting, or chewing at its feet, checking for parasites is a good first step. Flea prevention treatments and proper grooming can help keep these pests away.

Boredom or Habitual Behavior

Some dogs chew their nails simply out of boredom or as a repetitive habit. If a dog doesn’t get enough mental and physical stimulation, they may develop self-soothing behaviors, such as chewing nails, licking paws, or tail chasing. Providing engaging activities, such as puzzle toys, training sessions, and daily exercise, can help reduce boredom-related behaviors.

Pain or Arthritis

Older dogs or those with joint issues may chew their nails due to underlying pain or discomfort. Arthritis, nerve damage, or orthopedic problems can cause subtle pain that leads to excessive licking or chewing of the paws and nails. If an older dog starts chewing its nails a lot, it is best to visit a vet. This helps check for any pain-related problems.

Medical Reasons for Nail Chewing

While occasional nail chewing can be a normal grooming habit, persistent or aggressive chewing may be a sign of an underlying medical issue. Certain health conditions can cause discomfort, leading a dog to chew its nails as a way to relieve irritation or pain. Identifying these medical reasons early can prevent further complications and improve a dog’s well-being.

Nail Bed Infections (Paronychia)

Paronychia is a bacterial or fungal infection affecting the nail bed. It can cause swelling, redness, and tenderness around the nails.

Infected nails may also become discolored or brittle. If a dog is frequently licking or chewing at its nails and the area looks inflamed, an infection may be the cause. A veterinarian can prescribe antibiotics or antifungal treatments to resolve the issue.

Autoimmune Disorders

Some autoimmune diseases, such as pemphigus or lupus, can cause nail and skin issues, leading to discomfort and excessive nail chewing. These conditions often result in cracked, brittle nails or sores around the paws. Diagnosis and treatment require veterinary attention, often involving immune-suppressing medications.

Tumors or Growths on the Nail or Paw

Occasionally, tumors or abnormal growths can develop on a dog’s nail bed or paw, causing pain and irritation. These growths may interfere with normal nail function, leading a dog to chew its nails frequently. If a lump or abnormal swelling is noticed near the nails, a vet should examine it to determine if further treatment or removal is necessary.

Neurological Issues

Some neurological conditions can cause tingling or nerve pain in a dog’s paws, leading to excessive chewing. Nerve damage, spinal issues, or neurological disorders may result in a dog focusing on its paws as a response to discomfort. Veterinary evaluation is necessary to diagnose and manage these conditions.

Hormonal Imbalances (Hypothyroidism or Cushing’s Disease)

Hormonal imbalances can affect a dog’s skin, nails, and coat, sometimes leading to excessive nail chewing. Hypothyroidism can cause dry and brittle nails. Cushing’s disease may lead to skin infections that make the paws itchy and irritated. Blood tests and veterinary guidance are needed to diagnose and manage these conditions.

Impact of Anxiety on Nail Chewing Behavior

Anxiety is one of the most common reasons why dogs develop compulsive behaviors, including excessive nail chewing. When a dog is anxious, they may resort to self-soothing actions like licking, scratching, or biting their nails as a way to cope with their emotions. While occasional nail chewing may not be a cause for concern, frequent or aggressive chewing can lead to injuries and infections.

Dogs suffering from chronic anxiety may develop obsessive-compulsive behaviors, where they chew their nails even when there’s no physical discomfort. This can result in cracked or bleeding nails, which can be painful and increase the risk of infection. Additionally, stress-related nail chewing often occurs alongside other signs of anxiety, such as whining, pacing, or destructive behavior.

If a dog is chewing its nails because of anxiety, it helps to address the stressors. These can include separation anxiety, changes in the environment, or fear triggers. Reducing these issues can help lessen the behavior.

Pet owners can help their anxious dogs by providing mental stimulation, consistent routines, and calming aids, such as pheromone diffusers or anxiety wraps. In severe cases, consulting a veterinarian or an animal behaviorist may be necessary to develop a treatment plan. Managing a dog’s anxiety not only improves their overall well-being but also helps eliminate harmful behaviors like excessive nail chewing.

When to See a Vet

If nail chewing continues, it can cause bleeding. If you notice other signs of pain, like limping or excessive licking of paws, you should see a veterinarian. A thorough examination can help determine if the behavior is caused by a medical issue and what treatment is needed.

Consider scheduling a vet appointment if your dog:

• Chews their nails to the point of bleeding or cracking
• Shows signs of pain, limping, or difficulty walking
• Has swollen, red, or infected nail beds
• Develops hair loss or sores around their paws
• Suddenly starts chewing their nails more frequently
• Displays other concerning symptoms like lethargy or loss of appetite

What to Expect at the Vet

During the visit, your vet will perform a thorough physical exam, checking for infections, injuries, or abnormalities in your dog’s nails and paws. They may also ask questions about your dog’s diet, behavior, and lifestyle to identify possible triggers.

Depending on the findings, the vet may recommend:

• Medications – Antibiotics or antifungal treatments if an infection is present
• Allergy Testing – To determine if food or environmental allergens are causing irritation
• Parasite Treatment – If fleas, mites, or ticks are the root cause
• Anxiety Management Plans – If stress or compulsive behaviors are contributing to the issue
• Regular Nail Trimming Guidance – If overgrown nails are leading to discomfort

How to Help Your Dog Stop Nail Chewing

If your dog is excessively chewing its nails, taking proactive steps to manage and prevent the behavior is essential. Whether the cause is medical, behavioral, or stress-related, there are several strategies that can help reduce and eventually stop this habit.

Identify and Address the Root Cause

Before implementing any solution, it’s crucial to determine why your dog is chewing its nails. If a medical issue, such as an infection or allergy, is present, treating that condition will likely resolve the behavior. If stress or boredom is the cause, providing enrichment activities and a stable routine can help.

Keep Your Dog’s Nails Properly Trimmed

Overgrown nails can cause discomfort, leading to excessive chewing. Regular nail trimming prevents nails from becoming too long or curling into the paw pads. If you’re unsure how to trim your dog’s nails safely, consult a groomer or veterinarian.

Provide Mental and Physical Stimulation

Dogs that chew their nails due to boredom or anxiety can benefit from increased exercise and mental stimulation. Engaging in daily walks, play sessions, and training exercises can help redirect their focus. Puzzle toys and interactive feeders also provide enrichment and prevent boredom-related behaviors.

Use Anxiety-Reducing Techniques

If stress or anxiety is triggering nail chewing, implementing calming techniques can help. Some options include:

• Calming chews or supplements – Natural remedies like chamomile, valerian root, or CBD (with veterinary approval) can help soothe anxious dogs.
• Pheromone diffusers – Products like Adaptil release calming pheromones to help reduce stress.
• Thundershirts or weighted vests – These provide gentle pressure that can have a calming effect on anxious dogs.
• Background noise – White noise machines or calming music can help soothe dogs sensitive to environmental stressors.

Prevent Access to Paws

If your dog has developed a habit of excessive nail chewing, you may need to take measures to prevent access. Some methods include:

• Protective boots or socks – These prevent direct access to the nails, especially if chewing is due to irritation or allergies.
• Bitter sprays – Pet-safe anti-chew sprays can deter dogs from biting their nails.
• Redirecting attention – Providing a chew toy or engaging your dog in a different activity when they start chewing their nails can help break the habit.

Seek Professional Help if Needed

If nail chewing persists despite your efforts, consulting a veterinarian or animal behaviorist can help. In cases of compulsive behaviors or severe anxiety, a tailored treatment plan, which may include behavioral therapy or medication, might be necessary.

By addressing the cause and implementing these strategies, you can help your dog stop chewing their nails and improve their overall well-being.

Techniques for Proper Nail Trimming

Trimming your dog’s nails correctly is essential for their comfort and well-being. Poor trimming techniques can cause pain, bleeding, or anxiety, making future nail care more difficult. By following the right methods, you can ensure a stress-free experience for both you and your furry friend.

Choose the Right Time and Setting

Dogs are more relaxed when they’re tired, so try trimming their nails after a long walk or play session. Pick a quiet, well-lit area where your dog feels comfortable, and make sure all your tools are within reach before starting.

Familiarize Your Dog with the Process

If your dog is nervous about nail trimming, introduce them to the process gradually:

• Let them sniff and inspect the clippers or grinder.
• Touch and hold their paws gently to get them used to handling.
• Reward calm behavior with treats and praise.
• Start by trimming just one or two nails per session and build up over time.

Properly Position Your Dog

Choose a position that is comfortable for both you and your dog. Some options include:

• For small dogs: Hold them in your lap or place them on a table.
• For larger dogs: Have them lie down or sit beside you while you lift each paw.
• For anxious dogs: Have a helper gently hold them or distract them with treats.

Find the Quick and Trim Safely

The quick is the blood vessel inside the nail, and cutting it can cause pain and bleeding. To avoid this:

• For light-colored nails, look for the pinkish quick and trim just before it.
• For dark-colored nails, trim small bits at a time until you see a gray or white center with a small dark dot—this indicates you are close to the quick.

If you accidentally cut the quick, apply styptic powder, cornstarch, or flour to stop the bleeding.

Use the Right Cutting Technique

Hold the clippers at a 45-degree angle and make small, gradual cuts instead of one large, sweeping snip. If using a grinder, apply light pressure and smooth the nail in short bursts to avoid overheating.

File or Grind for Smooth Edges

After trimming, use a nail file or grinder to round off rough edges and prevent snagging or irritation. This also reduces the chances of your dog chewing at freshly cut nails.

Make It a Positive Experience

Praise and reward your dog with treats after each successful trim.

Keep sessions short and stress-free.

Stay calm and patient—dogs can pick up on your anxiety, making them more nervous.

Stick to a Regular Schedule

Regular trimming prevents nails from becoming overgrown, reducing discomfort and the risk of nail chewing. A good rule of thumb is to trim every 2–4 weeks, depending on how fast your dog’s nails grow.

By using proper techniques, you can make nail trimming a painless and positive experience, ensuring your dog’s paws stay healthy and comfortable.

Final Thoughts

Nail chewing in dogs can be normal sometimes. However, if a dog chews too much, it may signal a problem. It is important to find the cause of your dog’s discomfort. This could be due to anxiety, stress, allergies, overgrown nails, infections, or habits. Addressing the root cause will help keep your dog comfortable and healthy.

By maintaining proper nail care, recognizing signs of stress and anxiety, and consulting a veterinarian when needed, you can help prevent excessive nail chewing and keep your dog happy and healthy. Regular nail trimming, mental stimulation, and anxiety management techniques can go a long way in reducing this behavior.

If your dog persistently chews their nails despite these efforts, don’t hesitate to seek professional advice. A vet or animal behaviorist can provide tailored recommendations to address your dog’s specific needs.

Taking care of your dog’s health and nails will help prevent pain. It will also make your bond with your furry friend stronger.